Training for Hrm free essay sample

Topics Employment Laws and Applications Job Analysis and Job Design Planning and Recruiting Selection Orientation and Solicitation Training and Development Evaluating Employee Performance Compensation Administration Incentive and Benefits Administration Labor Unions Negotiation and Collective Bargaining Health, Safety, and Appease Turnover, Discipline, and Exits Social Responsibility and Ethics Course Goals/Objectives The objectives for this course are to develop the participants appreciation and understanding of the role of Human Resource Management in the hospitality industry and to recognize the issues faced by Human Resource managers in recruiting, motivating and retaining employees. Program Goals This course fits into the overall program by covering a key component of the hospitality industry; the role of Human Resources in Hospitality, Recreation and Resorts.Human Resource managers are often called upon to use critical honking to resolve the many issues that arise relative to a diversified workforce. Managers often face issues relative to ethics, labor laws, discrimination, and benefits coordination and must be able to communicate and collaborate effectively with others in order to perform their duties. We will write a custom essay sample on Training for Hrm or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Human Resource managers must also stay abreast of the latest trends by researching and comparing benefits that are being offered in other industries. Defending the decisions they make relative to employees, benefits, and enforcing rules and regulations is a normal part of their responsibilities. Students taking this course will be exposed to the kinds of decisions that managers are often called upon to make in this area of hospitality.Student Learning Outcomes (Solo) As an outcome of this course each student should have acquired the knowledge, comprehension and skills needed to complete the following student learning objectives: 1 . Describe the EEOC, distinguish between EYE laws and affirmative action, and list major areas of EYE abuse and litigation. 2. Explain the importance Of job analysis and describe how the results of job analysis are used in job descriptions and job specifications. 3. Explain and apply methods for forecasting labor demand, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of internal and external recruiting. 4. Describe the importance of the selection process, and identify the types of selection errors and biases managers must overcome when interviewing job applicants. 5.Explain the purpose of an orientation program, explain the importance of a solicitation program, and distinguish between a general property orientation and a specific job orientation. 6. Identify and describe the stages of the training cycle, and explain how a training needs assessment is developed and conducted. 7. Describe the functions of performance appraisals, and identify the principal types of rating systems used in appraising performance. 8. Describe types of compensation, and outline the major influences on compensation plans. 9. Outline the steps and identify options for establishing pay structures. 10. Summarize current issues in compensation administration. 11. Identify the characteristics and advantages of effective incentive programs. 12.Describe four general categories of employee benefits and several factors to consider when developing benefit plans. 13. Outline the reasons employees join unions, analyze statistics of union membership, and describe how unions are adapting as they look to the future. 14. Identify mandatory, voluntary, and illegal collective bargaining issues and common economic and non-economic reasons behind bargaining. 15. Describe how managers should prepare for collective bargaining choose a negotiating team, and select a bargaining strategy. 16. Summarize the history, scope, and goal of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and describe the enforcement of OSHA standards and requirements. 17. Final Grade Determination -Scores will be weighted based on 100% Quizzes 130% Class Participation I Individual Project Group Project Weekly Assignments Assessment 115% I 115% Five Quizzes comprised of multiple choice and true and false questions will be given based on reading assignments from the text book. Quiz questions are directly tied to a competency that is identified in the course. Quiz dates are listed online under each weeks assignments. Please plan ahead the quizzes can only be taken during the time frame allotted which is Monday AM through Wednesdays MOM. Class participation will be measured by the quality ND content of a students contribution to weekly discussions and completion of assignments.Students are required to post (participate) at least three times in every discussion this should include at least one comment on another students posting. A grading rubric will be used and is posted under the content tab. Two projects, one individual and one group will be determined during the first two weeks of the course. Both of these projects will be based on students being able to demonstrate their knowledge, comprehension and skills covering a range of competencies outlined on the Curriculum Map. A grading fabric will be used. Weekly Assignments covering vocabulary and case studies will be assessed for content, accuracy, and critical thinking. A drop box will be set up for each weekly assignment.Please refer to the EWE Student Handbook for a list of behaviors that fall under the definition of academic misconduct. The handbook also outlines the penalties for academic misconduct and the due process procedures that must be followed. The Student Code of Conduct is posted at the following URL: http:// UHF. Deed/soar/ The LIFE Academic Misconduct Policy is posted at the following URL: http://UHF. Deed/academic/policies/misconduct/misconduct. CFML Additional Information on Plagiarism Your writing is your intellectual property. Guard it carefully. You could find yourself in the unpleasant position of trying to prove that you are the true author of this work.Save preliminary drafts of your work, reading notes, data collection sheets, and copies of library sources you make while researching your paper. You may be asked to produce these if questions of authorship arise. Make back-up copies to protect your work from computer failures. Your Instructor reserves the right to submit written assignments to the Turning service or use other methods to evaluate the originality of the work submitted. Your Instructor will remove personal identifiers from any electronic files I submit to the Turning database for evaluation. Plagiarism is a serious violation of academic standards and will be punished severely.

Beyond Pythagoras Essay Example

Beyond Pythagoras Essay Example Beyond Pythagoras Essay Beyond Pythagoras Essay Mathematics Coursework BEYOND PYTHAGORAS By Asif Azam 1) The numbers 3, 4, and 5 satisfy the condition 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 4à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ because 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 33 =9 4à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 44 = 16 5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 55 = 25 and so 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 4à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 9 + 16 = 25 = 5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ I will now have to find out if the following sets of numbers satisfy a similar condition of (smallest number) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + (middle number) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = (largest number) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. a) 5, 12, 13 5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 12à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 25 + 144 = 169 = 13à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ b) 7, 24, 25 7à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 24à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 49 + 576 = 625 = 25à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 2) Perimeter 5 5 + 12 + 13 = 20 12 studentcentral.co.uk 7 7 + 24 + 25 = 56 24 wwfe few stfefeud efe fent cfe enfetral fecofe uk: b) Nth term Length of shortest side Length of middle side wwdd ddw stddddud edd ddnt cdd enddtral ddcodd uk. Length of longest side Perimeter Area +2 +1 1 wwbf bfw stbfbfud ebf bfnt cbf enbftral bfcobf uk. 3 4 5 12 6 2 5 12 13 30 30 +2 3 7 24 25 56 84 4 wwef efw stefefud eef efnt cef eneftral efcoef uk; 9 40 41 90 180 +2 5 11 60 61 132 330 +2 6 13 84 Tochv8Ey Visit studentcentral cb co cb uk cb for more cb Do not cb redistribute Tochv8Ey 85 182 546 7 15 112 113 240 840 +2 8 17 144 145 306 1224 9 19 180 181 380 1710 wwdd ddw stddddud edd ddnt cdd enddtral ddcodd uk. 10 21 220 221 462 2310 I looked at the table and noticed that there was only 1 difference between the length of the middle side and the length of the longest side. And also if you can see in the shortest side column, it goes up by 2. I have also noticed that the area is 1/2 (shortest side) x (middle side). 3) In this section I will be working out and finding out the formulas for: * Shortest side * Middle side * Longest side In finding out the formula for the shortest side I predict that the formula will be something to do with the differences between the lengths (which is 2). But I dont know the formula so I will have to work that out. wwfe few stfefeud efe fent cfe enfetral fecofe uk. Firstly I will be finding out the formula for the shortest side. 3 5 7 9 11 2 2 2 2 The differences between the lengths of the shortest side are 2. This means the equation must be something to do with 2n. Lets see Nth term Length of shortest side 1 3 2n 2 x 1 = 2 (wrong) There is only a difference of +1 between 2n and the shortest side, so this means the formula should be 2n+1. To see if Im correct I will now test this formula. 2n+1 Nth term Length of shortest side 1 3 21+1=3 (correct) Just in case I will test this formula in the next term: 2n+1 Nth term Length of shortest side 2 5 22=4 4+1=5 (correct) I now have to work out the formula for the middle side. I predict that the formula has got to do with something about the differences in lengths. (For instance in this case is 4), most likely 4n.However, because 4 is the difference, the formula must be nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. I now believe that the answer will have something to do with 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. So, I will now write the answers for 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This coursework from www.studentcentral.co.uk (studentcentral.co.uk/coursework/essays/2255.html) Reproduction or retransmission in whole or in part expressly prohibited 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ work for the first term, but, it then collapses after this, as the difference between 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ gets larger, the thing you notice is that the difference in the 2nd term between 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and the middle side is the middle side for the term before. This goes for all the other terms from the 2nd. This means that if I subtract the previous term, then I should in theory get the correct answer. 16-4 = 12 36-12 = 24 64-24 = 40 Etc. So, the equation I have so far is: 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½- (previous middle side) = middle side All the previous terms is, (n 1), so if I put this into the above formula, then it should give me my middle side. 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(1-1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = middle side This should in theory give me my middle side. I will test my theory with the first term. wweb ebw stebebud eeb ebnt ceb enebtral ebcoeb uk; 4 x 12 4(1-1) = 4 4 x 1 4 x 0à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 4 4 4 x 0 = 4 4 0 = 4 4 = 4 My formula works for the first term. I will now check if this formula works for the next term. 4 x 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(2 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 12 4 x 4 4 x 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 12 16 4 x 1 = 12 16 4 = 12 12 = 12 My formula also works for the 2nd term. You may be thinking that this is the correct formula but just to check, I will check this formula for the 3rd term. 4 x 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(3-1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 24 4 x 4 4 x 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 24 36 4 x 4 = 24 36 16 = 24 20 = 24 My formula did not work for the 3rd term. It now looks as if 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(n 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is not the correct formula after all. To check, I will look to see if the formula works using the 4th term. 4 x 4à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(4 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 40 4 x 16 4 x 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 40 64 36 = 40 wwdb dbw stdbdbud edb dbnt cdb endbtral dbcodb uk. 28 = 40 My formula doesnt work for the 4th term either. I can now safely say that 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(n 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is definitely not the correct formula for the middle side. I believe the problem with 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4(n 1) was that 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, once you start using the larger numbers, it becomes far too high to bring it back down to the number I want for the middle side. Also, 4(n 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ is not as small when it gets larger so it doesnt bring the 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ down enough, to equal the middle side. I will now look at the difference to see if I can find a pattern there. 1 4 11 20 31 3 7 9 11 2 2 2 The difference here is 2, which means that the answer will involve 2 and nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. I will try 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. I can see that the difference between 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and the middle number is the 2 times table. The 2 times table in the nth term is 2n. I now think 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n is the correct formula. I will now test it using the first three terms. 2 x 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 1 = 4 2 x 1 + 2 = 4 2 + 2 = 4 4 = 4 My formula works for the first term; so, I will now check it in the next term. 2 x 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 2 = 12 2 x 4 + 4 = 12 8 + 4 = 12 12 = 12 My formula works for the 2nd term. If it works for the 3rd term I can safely say that 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n is the correct formula. 2 x 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 3 = 24 2 x 9 + 6 = 24 18 + 6 = 24 24 = 24 My formula also works for the 3rd term. I am now certain that 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n is the correct formula for finding the middle side. Middle side = 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n I now have the much easier task of finding a formula for the longest side. To start with, I am going to draw out a table containing the middle and longest sides. from www.studentcentral.co.uk Length of middle side Length of longest side +1 4 5 12 13 24 25 40 41 60 61 84 85 112 wwfa faw stfafaud efa fant cfa enfatral facofa uk. 113 144 145 180 181 220 221 From this table I know that there is only one difference, which is +1 between the middle and longest side. So: (Middle side) + 1 = longest side I predict that this formula will be the correct one for the longest side: 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 = longest side. wwbg bgw stbgbgud ebg bgnt cbg enbgtral bgcobg uk. I am very certain that this is the correct formula. I will check anyway using the first three terms: 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 = 5 2 x 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 1 + 1 = 5 2 + 2 + 1 = 5 5 = 5 The formula works for the first term. 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 = 25 2 x 3à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 3 + 1 = 25 18 + 6 + 1 = 25 wwcf cfw stcfcfud ecf cfnt ccf encftral cfcocf uk! 25 = 25 The formula also works for the second term 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 = 13 2 x 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 2 + 1 = 13 8 + 4 + 1 = 13 13 = 13 The formula works for all three terms. So Longest side = 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 Now I will check that: 2n + 1 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n and 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 Form a Pythagorean triple or in other words aà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + bà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = cà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ aà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + bà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = cà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ This equals: (2n + 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + (2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = (2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ If you then put these equations into brackets: (2n + 1)(2n + 1) + (2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) = (2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1) If I work out this equation out by balancing them in each side and I end up with nothing, then 2n + 1, 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n and 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 is a Pythagorean triple. 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4n = 2n + 2n 8nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ 4n = 4n 1 = 1 I now end up with 0 = 0, so 2n + 1, 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n and 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 is a Pythagorean triple. I now have the nth term for each of the three sides of a right-angled triangle. I can now work out, both, the nth term for the perimeter and the nth term for the area. The perimeter of any triangle is just the length of the 3 sides added together. E.g. 1st term 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 So 12 is the perimeter for the first term 2nd term 5 + 12 + 13 = 30 3rd term 7 + 24 + 25 = 56 And so on. All I have to do is put all the 3 formulas together. Perimeter = (shortest side) + (middle side) + (longest side) f0KAU1K from f0KAU1K student f0KAU1K central f0KAU1K co f0KAU1K uk = 2n + 1 + 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 1 = 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n + 2n + 2n + 1 + 1 = 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6n + 2 If I have done my calculations properly then I should have the right answer. To check this I am going use the 4th, 5th and 6th terms. 4th term: 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 = perimeter 4 x 4à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6 x 4 + 2 = 9 + 40 + 41 64 + 24 + 2 = 90 90 = 90 It works for the 4th term Lets see if it works for the 5th term: 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 = perimeter 4 x 5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6 x 2 = 11 + 60 + 61 100 + 30 + 2 = 132 132 = 132 And it works for the 5th term And finally the 6th term: 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 = perimeter 4 x 6à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6 x 6 + 2 = 13 + 84 + 85 144 + 36 + 2 = 182 182 = 182 It works for all the terms so: Perimeter = 4nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 6n + 2 wwed edw stededud eed ednt ced enedtral edcoed uk! Like the area I know that the area of a triangle is found by: Area = 1/2 (b x h) b = base h = height Depending on which way the right angled triangle is the shortest or middle side can either be the base or height because it doesnt really matter which way round they go, as Ill get the same answer either way. Area = 1/2 (shortest side) X (middle side) = 1/2 (2n + 1) x (2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) = (2n + 1)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) I will check this formula on the first two terms: (2n + 1)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) = 1/2 (b x h) (2 x 1 + 1)(2 x 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 1) = 1/2 x 3 x 4 3 x 4 = 1/2 x 12 12 = 6 6 = 6 2nd term: (2n + 1)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n) = 1/2 b h (2 x 2 + 1)(2 x 2à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2 x 2) = 1/2 x 5 x 12 5 x 12 = 1/2 x 60 60 = 30 30 = 30 It works for both of the terms. This means: Area = (2n + 1)(2nà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ + 2n)

Human Resource Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Resource Planning - Essay Example At the moment, the organization needs to hire competent individuals that are capable of providing the services. The problem of limited cash flows is affecting the recruitment process; the company simply cannot pay for quality services. In the coming years, the organization will be in dire need of individuals that are capable of promoting the company’s image to attract more donors. Currently, the cash flows are dwindling, and it is negatively effecting everything that the company does. The company needs healthy donations to effectively run its operations. Relying solely on volunteers is harmful to ‘going concern’ of the company. First and foremost, Juanita needs to get her authority, and power expanded. Without the power to effectively manage people and resources she will remain ineffective, and the company will never get out of hot waters. Juanita is already on the right track. Instead of making frequent appointments, she has setup her group over the email, and she is in touch with them. Juanita is new, and she is learning more about the company every day. The first step is obviously meeting the company personnel and assuring them that the HR manager is there to help achieve better results for the company. The first step towards improving employee performance is to cut the dead weight. Juanita did her research and found that there are people in the company who do not have any significant work, but they are still getting the paychecks. If the company carries on the same pattern it will have ripple effects as others will see that idlers are getting paid for doing nothing so why should they work so hard. Second, the company needs to formulate its HR policy exactly according to the laws that apply to a Non for Profit organization. This will help promote the better image of the company as new recruits will notice that the company operates in accordance with

The Key Concepts in economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Key Concepts in economics - Assignment Example The main points included in the article (Porter, 2015a) are; 4. The innovation through government and corporate funded R&D have generated large revenue streams. However, the beneficiary organizations have not shared the funding bodies in profits and reinvestment in R&D has been limited. 5. Since corporations are moving away from research spending, they tend to buy innovative start-ups from small businesses. Scientists and universities have also been encouraged to commercialize innovation funded by taxpayer’s money (Porter, 2015a). Investment in R&D sector powers technological innovation, which helps to optimize the use of existing resources and capabilities, creates jobs and improves living standards. It enables sustainable economic growth provided that there are constant returns to the R&D sector. Innovation through research and development therefore has a positive correlation with per capita GDP in both the developing and developed worlds. However, it has been found that large markets encourage innovation through R&D, while the rest benefit from their knowledge stock and spill-over (Ulku, 2004). This allows emerging markets to grow faster by embracing existing technologies, while developed markets experience periods of stagnation due to foreign competition and limited funding directed towards R&D. The ever increasing restrictions on economic activities, such as environmental protection regulations, in the developed world also slows down the progress in terms of GDP. However, aside from poor regulations whic h can lead to additional costs in R&D, many regulations are aimed at social welfare initiatives usually not captured in the GDP measurements. Thus, the GDP growth figures in such contexts can often be misleading (The Economist, 2013a). The innovation driven boom and bust may remain invisible in GDP measurements and sometimes even reveals its shrinking. For instance, the spending of a person on telephone calls

The City of London Essay Example for Free

The City of London Essay London is the capital city of United kingdom and it is considered as the chief city of British Commonwealth. It is considered one of the greatest and oldest centers of finance, industry and culture in the world. The city is also one of the largest in the world (How stuff works, par 1). It is preparing to host 2016 World Cup and for that matter, it is crucial to know what is behind the magnificent city of London. This essay seeks to explore on aspects that characterize the city right from its geography, history, culture and political jurisdiction. London is located at latitude 51.30’ north and longitude 0. 70 west. It is situated in Lambeth; south East of England in United Kingdom (Maplandia, par 1). The city is 2. 6 square kilometers (Easy expert, par 2). It also lies on the Thames river about 40 miles from the North Sea (How stuff works, par 2). Roughly, the river divides the city into two equal parts and it is on two hills on the bank north of Thames (How stuff works, par 2-3) . The river’s embankments are in central London. Along the great bend of the river, is the Victoria embankment. Other embankments include the Albert and Chelsea which are further upstream. This river is characterized by great bridges for example, Tower, London, Westminster and waterloo bridges (How stuff works 1, par 7). Geographical Features London has so many natural areas throughout the city. For example Meadows such as Kellaly; forests such as Meadow lily woods and Medway valley heritage forest; Wetlands like Westminster ponds among others. Moreover, it also harbors 22 kilometers paved paths for bikes along the Thames River (Tourism London All, par 1). Political jurisdiction The corporation of London is the one that administers the city headed by the Lord Mayor. The Greater London has 33 boroughs with the inner one having 14 and the outer London having 19 boroughs. The greater London has an elected mayor with an assembly and it is also the administrative entity in England (Britannica Encyclopedia, par 2). The city is governed following feudal system of government. The body that is involved with decision making is the court of common council which has 100 members who are elected directly from 25 wards in the city. This council meets every four weeks but committees meet more regularly. They have committees concerned with finance, education, policy and resources, planning and transportation. Some committees have members who have no voting rights in the corporation and are members because of their specialist expertise. The overall leader is the historic Lord mayor but the policy and resources committee’s chairman represents the body to the media (Stevens, par 6-7). The representatives of the boroughs form the assembly of the great London which boasts of its own constitution (Easy expert, par. 2). For one to be eligible for elections, he or she must be a free man in the city. Elections are not based on political parties. There is also the court of Aldermen where each ward elects one Alderman adding up to 25 Aldermen. The office of the Aldermen has diminished significance and today, they just discharge judicial function as magistrates and are also allowed to sit in the court of common council’s committees with no allowances (Stevens, par 10). Origins of This Great City The origin of London can be dated back to 43 AD. Before Romans invaded the land, no permanent settlement existed but only River Thames flowing surrounded by small islands of gravel and sand. When comparing the population of mosquitoes and people, the former were many (Britain express, par 1). London has been inhabited for more than 5000 years but it was only characterized by marshes and forests instead of a city. The city itself was started by Romans about 2000 yeas ago but originally, they called it Londinium. During the invasion, they landed in Kent and passed through River Thames sailing upwards. They knew the strategic importance of the river in controlling the crossing point at the river. So, they built on the north bank, a settlement. They carefully chose two spots in two hills, which were small and where the river was narrowing, and built a bridge. This is the London Bridge that is known today. They brought up buildings, a port and streets and they named the settlement Londinium which became the capital city of the Roman Britain (Barrow, par 2-3). The original London could only last for several years, little more than 10, and the ships could reach there making the city to become a trading center (museum of London, par 4-5). The bridge was very significant as it was the center for the road networks that sprung up from the crossing place, and thus it allowed the movement of the troops to be fast (Britain Express, par 4). The city later grew into a great trading center and by the second century AD, in the middle, the city had the largest town hall, a temple, and a governor’s palace among others. The Romans built a wall around 200 AD, surrounding the city and this defined the shape and size of London over a millennium. The area which was surrounded by the wall, is the one that is called ‘The city† (Britain Express, par 7-9). Urban And Street Patterns Prior to World War 2, London was characterized by very few buildings which were more that 6 stories high but today, the buildings with 20 stories and above can be found, for example, the towers of Barbican are 40 stories and above. The tower of Canary Wharf rising 80 stories and an office building, east of central London in the dockyards is the longest structure in Britain rising 800 feet high. The square of Trafalgar is in the west of the city, near the Thames River. Two large fountains can be found in the square and Admiral Lord Nelson’s statue; this square has been used mostly for celebrations in the city (How stuff works 1, par 7-9). The London streets follow bends and twists of the river and the Roman walls which have long disappeared. The current through ways came originally from the village lanes that existed there before. Strangers get confused most of the time because, these streets may have their names put in different places. One name may be found on one side of a street inter-section or a square and the other one will be found on other side. Contrary to streets in America, London roads have no numbering system which is logical and this makes it difficult to navigate through the streets. To learn the routes will take sometime (Geographers A-Z Map Company, par 1). When it comes to transportation system, it mainly consists of bus lines, surface and underground railways. The main railway stations include: Charing Cross, Waterloo, Paddington and Victoria lines. Two fifths of the city’s railway system covering 250 miles, is made up of London subways. The underground system is made of brick tunnels below the surface. The First line was made in the year 1863 but later, so many of them developed, built in deep tunnels lined with metals which are often called tubes. London boasts of three international airports and these include: Heathrow and Gatwick which is adjacent to the main railway line from London to Brighton. The third one is Stansted which is in the north east of the city (How stuff works, par 1-3). The London’s tower is a complex of buildings sitting on an 18-acre land. The walls and the grounds are on the Thames River, east side of the city. Mostly, the crown jewels are usually on display here. Yeomen warders in uniforms dating back to 16th century are usually used to guide visitors around the complex. Next to it is the mansion house which has been in existence since the 16th century and this is the place where the Lord Mayor of the city resides. North of this house stands Guildhall which was put up in the 15th century (How stuff works 5). South west London, rises a cathedral called St. Paul’s which was designed by Sir Christopher Wren. This church is among the largest in the world. The duke of Wellington and Lord Nelson are buried there. On the west side of the cathedral, there is a street called Fleet Street which was once, the center of newspaper publishing in Britain (How stuff works 4, par 2-5). Just next to it is the knights’ templar medieval headquarters which also harbors the courts’ inns, law schools and legal associations. The Fleet Street merges forming a strand which leads to the west and Westminster. Buckingham palace is situated in this place and it hosts the London sovereigns. Westminster Abbey is also found there and this is where the monarchs are crowned. 8 acres of land around this place is covered with the parliament building and one thing that distinguishes it from other buildings it is its famous clock tower, the clock having a bell called â€Å"the Big Ben†. The Lambeth place is just across Thames from the parliament and this is where the Arch bishop of Canterbury resides (How stuff works 4, par 2-5). White Wall is found between the parliament and the square of Trafalgar . White Wall is a street which is bordered by government buildings. Another one is called Number 10 Downing Street found in the west of the White Wall and it is the prime minister’s home. The district of West end theatre is also found there between Piccadilly Circus and Trafalgar square and it is London’s world renowned theatre district which harbors more than a 100 theatres. Soho is also found in the North and it is known for its famous foreign restaurants and entertainment sites. Mayfair is found in the west characterized by residential areas, hotels, department stores and embassies, which include the US embassy that is found on the Grosvenor square (How stuff works, 5). West end hosts London largest parks. Regents Park can be sighted there and it is on 472 acres of land. It has a lake, open air theatre, a rose garden and the London zoo. Another park, Hyde Park is also found there. It sits on a piece of land of 360 acres which includes a lake called Serpentine. Marble Arch and bridle path which is called Rotten Row . The speakers’ corner is also found there. Kensington gardens with 275 acres of land adjoin Hyde Park on the west and this is where Kensington palace can be sighted which also hosts the Albert memorial and Peter pan’s statue. Short distance towards west of central London, botanic gardens of the royalty can also be found especially in Kew (How stuff works 5). Major Buildings And Landmarks In London The first major building in city is the tower of London, a prominent building for over 900 years and attracting tourists from all over the globe. The tower serves the royalties as a palace and a fortress. Ironically, it is also a place where executions take place and jailing of law defaulters. Royal mint, arsenal, menagerie and jewel house are also found here (Barrow, par 1). One of the oldest buildings and the most important centers for religion is the Westminster Abbey. This palace has been used to burry so many queens and kings and there commemoration ceremonies are usually done there. It was founded by Edward the confessor who was later made a saint. Parliament houses are also found in the palace of Westminster. Buckingham palace has 600 rooms and it is surrounded by a 40-acre garden with 40,000 tulips (Barrow, par 6-10). The Canary Wharf is the tallest building and it is part of the dock lands in London. The Canary is estimated to be 244 meters high and stainless steel has been used o cover it. Another major building is St Paul Cathedral which was built 604 AD but it was later re-built twice after being burnt down twice. The current one was built in 1675 and 1711 . The other monument is the O2 millennium dome which is the largest one in the world covering 180 acres with 320m diameter and the height of 50 m. It also has support towers of about 100 m high. It was built to commemorate the new millennium and it sits on the Greenwich meridian, longitude 0 degrees. Another one is the London eye. It is one of the London’s modern landmarks, made up of the biggest ferries wheel in the world and it can carry passengers of about 800 in number at a time. Its highest point is about 450 feet and it provides a view that goes covers 25 miles (Barrow, par 10-18). In addition, 30 St Mary Axe was opened in 2004 and it was known as Gherkin because of its oval shape. It is very visible especially when traveling from different places into London. The outside of the building is made of 24,000 m square glass whish has been arranged in panes that are diamond shaped. Other monuments include the monument of Trafalgar square which was put up in commemoration of the great fire of London which happened in 1666; the tower is 62 meters high. It is just next to Pudding lane where the fire began in the bakers shop. It is also characterized by 311 stairs to the top and one can use it to view London (Barrow, par 18-24). Other buildings include: One Canada square, Tower 42, Millban tower, St. Paul’s cathedral, Tate modern, St. Pancras chambers, Royal courts of justice, St. Brides church, BT tower, Wembley stadium, Centre point, the Lloyd’s building, Westminster cathedral, the Ark and Christ Church Spitalfields (Emporis Corporation, par 1). London Industries London’s industries form the crucial part of the economy. The industries come in form of manufacturing, aircraft, ship building, and food processing including the chemical industries, offering employment to so many people. These industries comprise of both small and large scale industries and mostly, different business communities are involved in boosting the growth of these industries though the manufacturing one is the largest sector of London’s economy (Maps of world, par. 1-2). Of all the laborers in London, 16% are found in the manufacturing industry. The leading industries in London include: chemical, electronics, cable manufacture, food processing, vehicle manufacture, and ship and aircraft building. The names associated with aircraft industry include Sopwith Aviation Company, Fairey aviation, Handley Page, Green Engine Co. and Lucas Rotax among others (Maps of World, par 3-4). Vehicle industry is one of the most recognized industries in London and it is associated with companies such as Ford of Britain, Dagenham, Park ward, Power Drives among others. Those companies that deal with cable manufacturing include: British Insulated Callender’s cables, Siemens, North and Woolwich among others. Food processing is associated with companies such as Pura Foods, Park Royal, The Smith’s Snack Food company and the list is endless (Maps of World, par. 4-7). When it comes to ship building, the companies include; Woolwich Dock Yard, Samuda Brothers, Scott Russell and so on. Companies associated with chemical manufacturing are; Hackney Wick, Liford photo, Sir William Henry Parking etc. Lastly, is the electronics industry which is associated with companies such as Ferguson Electronics Racal, Plessey, Bush Radio and so on (Maps of World, par. 7-10). These companies vary in the number of the workers employed by each. This is given below in percentages: Manufacturing 16. 2%, trade 14. 7%, educational services 9. 7%, health care and social assistance 13. 5%. Accommodation and food services 5. 8%, finance and insurance, real estate and leasing 7. 3%, agriculture 1. 8%, transport and ware housing 3. 8%. Public administration 3. 0%, construction 4. 7%, business building 4. 8%, information, culture and recreation 4. 2 % and lastly, professional, scientific and technical services 5. 7%. Other industries which are not included amount to 4. 0%. All these companies are under the administration of London chamber of commerce and industries (Maps of World, par. 12). Tourism sector The Londoners benefit mostly from tourism especially in regards to economy and social aspects. It boosts employment rates generating huge income. The businesses have also benefited so much. 10% gross value in London is from the sector and it also employs 13 % of all the workers in London. The city has a record of getting tourists from other parts of the world more than New York, Las Vegas and Sydney. It also attracts these tourists more than any European state (Government Office for London, par 3, 4). Tourism sector generates 2 billion pounds yearly in West London; 14. 7 million tourists who make daily trips to the same region and 5. 4 million tourists visit attraction sites in East London yearly (London’s Councils, par 1). Cultural geographical aspects of London London is a diverse cultural centre and an international one for that matter. It harbors so many museums, theatres and art galleries, cinemas which offer entertainment of first class level to 300 nationalities and above. The architecture of this city offers the diversity and the historical buildings. Six of London cultural landmarks include: the tower of London, St . Margaret church, Palace of Westminster and the Westminster Abbey and last but not list, the Maritime Greenwich (Europe Cities, par 1-2). When it comes to language, London is considered a multi lingual city. It has 300 different languages within its boundaries which are often spoken. The city has proven that, compared to Europe and New York, it is the most cosmopolitan city with its internationalism (Buncombe and Mac Arthur, par 2). The most common languages spoken are:English,Bengali,Panjabi,Gujerati,Hindu,Turkish,Arabic,Yorubu,Somali,Cantonese,Greek,Portuguese, French, Spanish, Italian, Vietnamese and the list is endless (Woodlands Junior Academy, par 1). London is characterized by so many events and celebrations each year. Carnaval del pueblo is a Latin American festival which is usually the largest in UK. It is usually held in August. The other one is City of London festival usually held in June and July and it involves celebration of Music, film, architecture and art. Another one is the London Art fair which is usually held every year in the month of January (First for London, par. 1-3). London boat show is also a major event every January. Others include London Marathon, parade, Lords mayor’s show ,Notting hill Carnival , Rise festival, South West Fest, Spitafields Festival, St. Patrick’s Day, Streatham festival, The Great River Race, and the Mayor’s Thames festival (First for London, par. 4-16). In London, the largest religious group is Christianity according to the census that took place in the year 2001. This group consists of 58. 2% of all the religions in London. The city is characterized by three Anglican churches which are: St. Paul’s and Southward cathedrals and also Westminster Abbey which usually hosts the crowning of the king and queen of England (Barrow, par 1). The population of the Jews is concentrated in the city of about 56 % of all the Jews in Great Britain. 52% of all Hindus in Great Britain are found in London and they have built magnificent places of worship which include temples. 38% of all Great Britain’s Muslims also live in London from Bangladesh and Pakistan. 31 % of Sikhs and 36 % Buddhists that are found in country reside in London (Barrow, par 4-7). In conclusion, the factor that makes the city unique is its marvelous architecture which has a historical background. Not so many cites in the world are rich in history and culture as compared to London. Almost all the monuments and buildings have some history behind them and this makes them to be world treasures. More to that, these landmarks have a quality touch on them in that, they are unique in their own way. Right from the foundation of the city to its current state, the history is actually represented in the design and pattern of the city. Work Cited Amazon. Com . A-Z London, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. amazon. com/Z-London-Londons-Selling-Street/dp/0850397529. Barrow, Mandy. Buildings and Landmarks in London. Woodlands, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. woodlands-junior. kent. sch. uk/customs/questions/london/buildings. htm. Barrow, Mandy. The History of London. Woodlands, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. woodlands-junior. kent. sch. uk/customs/questions/london/history. htm. Barrow, Mandy. Religious Groups in London. Woodlands, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. woodlands-junior. kent. sch. uk/customs/questions/london/religion. htm. Britain express. Roman London. Britain Express. Web. May 16, 2010, http://www. britainexpress. com/London/roman-london. htm. Britannica Encyclopedia. Learn More about London. 2010. Web. May 16, 2010, http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/346821/London. Buncombe, A. and MacArthur, Tessa. London: Multilingual Capital of the World. 29 March, 1999. Web. 16 May, 2010. http://www. phon. ucl. ac. uk/home/estuary/multiling. htm. Easy expert. Geography. Easy Expert, 10 April, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. easyexpat. com/en/london/overview/geography. htm. Emporis Corporation. Famous Buildings of London. 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. emporis. com/en/wm/ci/bu/mf/? id=100637. Europe Cities. Culture of London, 2009. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. europe-cities. com/en/600/uk_england/london/culture/. First 4 London. Events. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. first4london. com/directory/Events/. Government Office for London. Tourism. UK Government, 2009. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://www. gos. gov. uk/gol/Culture_leisure/Tourism/ tourism. How stuff works. General Plan and Description, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://geography. howstuffworks. com/europe/geography-of-london1. htm. How Stuff Works. Geography of London: Education and culture, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://geography. howstuffworks. com/europe/geography-of-london5. htm. How stuff Works. Introduction to Geography, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://geography. howstuffworks. com/europe/geography-of-london. htm. How stuff works. Landmarks and Place of Interest, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010, http://geography. howstuffworks. com/europe/geography-of-london4. htm. How stuff works. Transportation, 2010. Web. 16 May, 2010,

Politics, Payoffs, and Illegal Immigration Essay -- Essays Papers

Politics, Payoffs, and Illegal Immigration According to the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, from 1993 to 1995 the United States has experienced the largest two year decline in immigration since the years 1930-1932. In 1995 there were 720,461 legal immigrants admitted to our country; some people would make the argument that this is far too many immigrants ( U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service). It is impossible to clearly define the term "anti-immigration" because it is not a thing, it is a thought, a philosophy, a movement that appears in the abstract. In order to gain a better understanding of anti- immigration, I turned to the Internet. The medium of the Internet provides an accessible forum for the "world community" to express themselves outside the context of any controlling influences. However, deriving a definition of the term anti-immigration by the standards and understanding derived from the Internet becomes very confusing. There are those sites that advocate curtailing of all immigration both le gal and illegal; there are those that simply address the illegal immigration issue, and then there are those that address illegal immigration while at the same time arguing that legal immigration should be cut back--not stopped altogether. Interestingly enough, sites created on the west coast lean heavier on their argument against illegal immigration; the opinions expressed in these sites have an emotional basis. Sites that come from the east coast are more factual, and tend to deal with the immigration policy in its entirety, both legal and illegal. The purpose of this paper is to examine the anti-immigration information as it is presented on the Internet from a logical perspective. Lack of assimilation, dr... ...he links contained in this site are all related to the illegal immigration issue in California, and are peppered with such terminology as: "conflict," "infestation," "hatred," "race war," and "invasion." The site also makes mention of The Federation for Immigration Reform (FAIR) that was discussed earlier in this review, simply stating that FAIR has 70,000 members. There is no constructive information presented in this site, and like "The Daily Bruin," this site serves only to divide and instigate problems, rather than to propose any logical solutions to the perceived problem of immigration. "U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service : Immigration to the United States in Fiscal Year 1995" (http://www.usdoj.gov/ins/public/stats/115.html) "Immigration law sets double standards for criminals" (Mitchell, Abra 1995) (http://pm.znet.com:80/leland/dec1995/in4-dec.htm)

Children and young peoples work force Essay

Understand what is required for competence in own work role. 1.1 describe the duties and responsibilities of own work.W  hats in the contract  hours Lines of reporting  specific roles and responsibilities (behavioural support, supporting children and young people with special educational needs, supporting be;inhgual children and young people0  compliance with policies and procedures of the setting (behaviour, children and young people protection, health and safety, keeping up to date with changing procedures, keeping up to date with changes to practice). 1.2 explain expectations about own work role as expressed in relevant standards.  standards relevant to own work role, eg national occupational standards for childrena care, learning and development ( NOS CCLD),  national occupational standars for learning, development aqnd support services ( NOS LDSS)  -in relation to own duties and responsibilities eg role to expectations to meet standards eg CCLD 202 help to keep children safe, see more:explain expectations about own work role as expressed in relevant standards CCLD 303 promote childrens development LDSS 320 support the needs of children and young people with additional requirements, GCU 6 reflect on, develop and maintain your practice  course apprenticehsip notes  coursework starter  hayley  rough notes  guidelines  to use for when get stuck  in starter pack LDSS 320 support the needs of children and young people with additional requirements, GCU 6 reflect on, develop and maintain your practice